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KMID : 0367419760170110017
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Journal of Korean Pediatric Society
1976 Volume.17 No. 11 p.17 ~ p.31
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A Study on Reading Difficulty of School Children in Korea (Ⅰ)
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尹德鎭/Yun, Duk Jin
李琦寧/Lee, Ki Young
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Abstract
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Reading difficulty is well known problem in school children and widely distributed over the whole countries. Since the children with such problem could not perform their school work satisfactorily and their personality would be easily distorted by the difficulty, their problem should be corrected as soon as possible.
The purpose of this study was to find the causes of reading difficulty and the method of correction of children with such problem. 48 cases of children (3rd and 4th year classes of Kaewha primary school children in Seoul city) were divided to 2 groups, study and control groups.
Measurements, detailed physical examinations, laboratory tests including hemoglobin, hematocrit, total serum protein and stool, tuberculin skin tests and home visitings were done to all study cases and chest X-ray were performed to the cases with positive or questionablly positive tuberculin skin tests. Special education was provided to only study group for 2 months (lecture of 21ars after their school works) and the results were evaluated with both groups and following results were obtained.
1. Children were relatively in geed health and diseases which might influenced their learning difficulty were not dectected execpt 3 cases of defective vision and 1 case of speech disorder associated with mild degree of cerebral palsy.
2. Ecnomic state of the children were generally poor (economically low class family was 83.3%) and large-sige family was frequently noted (27.0% of the cases had 8 or more of family memhers).
3. Educational level of parents were very low 45.7%, and 50.0% of fathers and mothers respectively were graduated only primary school) znd mzny family members with reading difficulty were also feund (10.9% and 25.4% cf fathers and mothers respectively had reading difficulty and 14.6% of study cases hid brothers or sisters with reading difficulty).
4. Many parents (77.0%) and brothers or sisters of the study ccses had unw:ll-r-g tena´eacy to read the books end more than half of the children didn´t read the becks in the home. Only 8.8% of families of the children read the daily newspaper.
5. 60.4% of chidren didn´t have his home-works (reading or writtings´ and many of their parents or brothers didn´t teach them in the home.
6. Except :3 cases of mild mental retrxaticn (IQ 50^-75), the remainders had relatively good intellegences and 33.3% of children had I.Q. over 100.
7. The main causes of reading difficult\ revealed indifference of parents and poverty(31.2%), indifference cf parents (27.0%), poverty and physical handicaps (8.2% each). Reading difficulty caused by mental retardation ranged only 6.4% of the childern.
8. 32.4 point (n ear, record) was raised on study group after education but there was enhy 8. point raise in control group.
The degree of improvement of mean records in both groups showed that 63.3% of study group raised 30 point or more but 66.7% of control group raised less than 10 point, same or low.
Improvement of mean record on the individual intelligence level showed that children with I.Q. 50^75 raised less than 10 poin, only after education but 41.7% of children with I.Q. 86~100
was raised 3 -50 points. All the children with I.Q. more than 100 raised more than 31 poiL.
Above results showed that special education in the school for correction of the children with reading dlfficuity seems to be useful and advisable method.
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